Parkinson's disease: Acquired frailty of archaic neural networks?
Identifieur interne : 001504 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001503; suivant : 001505Parkinson's disease: Acquired frailty of archaic neural networks?
Auteurs : Nico J. Diederich [Luxembourg (pays)] ; Andre Parent [Canada]Source :
- Journal of the neurological sciences [ 0022-510X ] ; 2012.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD) many motor and non-motor symptoms are difficult to explain in terms of a purely ascending degeneration process as described by Braak. This essay proposes phylogenetic considerations for consolidating the multidimensional elements of PD. Subtle clinical analysis paired with ethological comparisons as well as patho-anatomical data suggests that disrupted automatic gait control, olfactory deficits, selected visual deficits, impaired emotional face recognition, and REM sleep behavior disorder could be due to dysfunction of phylogenetically ancient networks. Neuroanatomical and behavioral findings lead to a reconsideration of the basal ganglia, to be viewed as the nuclear core of a widely distributed neural network that arborizes throughout the primordial core of the neuraxis, including the brainstem. Fragility of the resulting multiple, closed, ancillary loops that link brainstem and forebrain components of the basal ganglia may be a nodal point, pivotal to the pathogenesis of PD. Other primitive neural networks, such as those located at cardiac or gastro-intestinal levels, may share the same vulnerability. Such a network-based hypothesis overrides the need of a fixed temporal ordering of symptoms based on putative caudal-cephalic propagation patterns of pathological lesions. It also creates testable, secondary hypotheses such as differential gene expression in different neural networks, potential early epigenetic influences, concepts of "overuse" or maladaptation of primitive networks to the constraints of adult life, and system frailty due to irreparable mitochondrial "exhaustion" in highly energy consuming postmitotic cells.
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Diederich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg</s1><s2>Luxembourg-City</s2><s3>LUX</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg-City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine</s1><s2>Luxembourg-City</s2><s3>LUX</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parent, Andre" sort="Parent, Andre" uniqKey="Parent A" first="Andre" last="Parent">Andre Parent</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval</s1><s2>Québec, QC</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Québec, QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">12-0213882</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 12-0213882 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:12-0213882</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000201</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000A51</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000134</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000134</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0022-510X:2012:Diederich N:parkinson:s:disease</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001548</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001504</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001504</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Parkinson's disease: Acquired frailty of archaic neural networks?</title><author><name sortKey="Diederich, Nico J" sort="Diederich, Nico J" uniqKey="Diederich N" first="Nico J." last="Diederich">Nico J. Diederich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg</s1><s2>Luxembourg-City</s2><s3>LUX</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg-City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine</s1><s2>Luxembourg-City</s2><s3>LUX</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parent, Andre" sort="Parent, Andre" uniqKey="Parent A" first="Andre" last="Parent">Andre Parent</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval</s1><s2>Québec, QC</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Québec, QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of the neurological sciences</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. neurol. sci.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-510X</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of the neurological sciences</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. neurol. sci.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-510X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Closed loop</term><term>Nervous system diseases</term><term>Neural network</term><term>Parkinson disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladie de Parkinson</term><term>Pathologie du système nerveux</term><term>Réseau neuronal</term><term>Boucle fermée</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In Parkinson's disease (PD) many motor and non-motor symptoms are difficult to explain in terms of a purely ascending degeneration process as described by Braak. This essay proposes phylogenetic considerations for consolidating the multidimensional elements of PD. Subtle clinical analysis paired with ethological comparisons as well as patho-anatomical data suggests that disrupted automatic gait control, olfactory deficits, selected visual deficits, impaired emotional face recognition, and REM sleep behavior disorder could be due to dysfunction of phylogenetically ancient networks. Neuroanatomical and behavioral findings lead to a reconsideration of the basal ganglia, to be viewed as the nuclear core of a widely distributed neural network that arborizes throughout the primordial core of the neuraxis, including the brainstem. Fragility of the resulting multiple, closed, ancillary loops that link brainstem and forebrain components of the basal ganglia may be a nodal point, pivotal to the pathogenesis of PD. Other primitive neural networks, such as those located at cardiac or gastro-intestinal levels, may share the same vulnerability. Such a network-based hypothesis overrides the need of a fixed temporal ordering of symptoms based on putative caudal-cephalic propagation patterns of pathological lesions. It also creates testable, secondary hypotheses such as differential gene expression in different neural networks, potential early epigenetic influences, concepts of "overuse" or maladaptation of primitive networks to the constraints of adult life, and system frailty due to irreparable mitochondrial "exhaustion" in highly energy consuming postmitotic cells.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Luxembourg (pays)</li></country></list><tree><country name="Luxembourg (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Diederich, Nico J" sort="Diederich, Nico J" uniqKey="Diederich N" first="Nico J." last="Diederich">Nico J. Diederich</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Diederich, Nico J" sort="Diederich, Nico J" uniqKey="Diederich N" first="Nico J." last="Diederich">Nico J. Diederich</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Parent, Andre" sort="Parent, Andre" uniqKey="Parent A" first="Andre" last="Parent">Andre Parent</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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